Kecerdasan buatan di bidang yurisprudensi. Pasal 3

pengantar



Kami melanjutkan serangkaian artikel tentang topik kecerdasan buatan hukum, aspek perkembangannya, dan prospek penerapan praktis di pasar domestik. Pada publikasi sebelumnya sudah berulang kali kami sampaikan bahwa menurut kami perkembangan Legal AI dapat dipastikan dengan membuat dan menerapkan blok semantik baru, yang meliputi:



  • alat untuk analisis linguistik teks bahasa alami;
  • model terstruktur pengetahuan hukum (grafik pengetahuan dan ontologi);
  • jaringan saraf yang terlatih.


Di artikel pertama, kami memeriksa secara detail alat yang ada untuk memproses teks berbahasa Rusia. Di artikel kedua, kami memeriksa pendekatan untuk membuat produk berdasarkan kecerdasan buatan, serta masalah interaksi antara spesialis di bidang TI dan hukum. Pada artikel ini, kami mengusulkan untuk mendalami topik ontologi dan menjawab pertanyaan-pertanyaan berikut:



  1. Apa peran ontologi dalam proses pembuatan kecerdasan buatan?
  2. Mengapa ontologi yang ada di bidang hukum tidak dapat diterapkan untuk AI Hukum, meskipun para ahli asing telah berupaya selama bertahun-tahun untuk menyusun pengetahuan hukum?
  3. Properti apa yang harus dimiliki ontologi AI legal untuk memecahkan masalah praktis?




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  • M. Ceci, A. Gangemi («An OWL ontology library representing judicial interpretations», Semantic Web, 2016);
  • Cevenini C., Contissa, G., Laukyte, M., Riveret, R., Rubino, R. («Development of the ALIS IP ontology: Merging legal and technical perspectives», Computeraided innovation (CAI), Boston, 2008);
  • Distinto, I., d’Aquin, M., & Motta, E. («LOTED2: An ontology of European public procurement notices», Semantic Web, 2016);
  • Ghosh, M. E., Naja, H., Abdulrab, H., & Khalil, M. («Towards a legal rule-based system grounded on the integration of criminal domain ontology and rules», In Procedia Computer Science: 112, 2017);
  • Rodrigues, C. M. O., Azevedo, R. R., Freitas, F. L. G., da Silva, E. P., & da Silva Barros, P. V. (An ontological approach for simulating legal action in the brazilian penal code. In Proceedings of the 30th annual ACM symposium on applied computing», New York, 2015) .


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  • Griffo, C., Almeida, J. P. A., & Guizzardi, G. A systematic mapping of the literature on legal core ontologies. Ontobras. In CEUR Workshop Proceedings: 1442. CEUR-WS.org, 2015;
  • Rodrigues, C. M. O., Freitas, F. L. G., & Azevedo, R. R. An ontology for property crime based on events from ufo-b foundational ontology. 5th Brazilian conference on intelligent systems (bracis), 2016 .


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  1. OWL Web Ontology Language Use Cases and Requirements: http://www.w3.org/TR/webont-req/
  2. FIBO OWL: https://spec.edmcouncil.org/fibo/OWL
  3. .., .. - // . . 63. 2/2013.
  4. The LKIF Core Ontology of Basic Legal Concepts: https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/9368/e80bc052760d840305858ba57ef88a437c9e.pdf?_ga=2.29733564.2032886675.1596192665-1398097709.1596192665
  5. Legal Rule ML Core Specification: http://docs.oasis-open.org/legalruleml/legalruleml-core-spec/v1.0/legalruleml-core-spec-v1.0.html
  6. G. Guizzardi, G. Wagner. Using the Unified Foundational Ontology (UFO) as a Foundation for General Conceptual Modeling Languages (http://www.inf.ufes.br/~gguizzardi/TAO-CR.pdf)
  7. J. Kingston, W. Vandenberghe. A Comparison of a Regulatory Ontology with Existing Legal Ontology Frameworks (https://www.researchgate.net/profile/John_Kingston2/publication/220830541_A_Comparison_of_a_Regulatory_Ontology_with_Existing_Legal_Ontology_Frameworks/links/0fcfd51063b0034b07000000/A-Comparison-of-a-Regulatory-Ontology-with-Existing-Legal-Ontology-Frameworks.pdf)
  8. V. Leone, L. Di Caro, S. Villata. Taking stock of legal ontologies: a feature‐based comparative analysis, Springer Nature B.V. 2019
  9. C. Rodrigues, R. Azevedo, A.Trigueiro. Legal ontologies over time: A systematic mapping study. University of Pernambuco, Garanhuns-PE, ZIP 55294-902, Brazil
  10. Ontology Design Patterns (http://ontologydesignpatterns.org/wiki/Main_Page)
  11. CIDOC CRM (http://www.cidoc-crm.org/Version/version-5.0.4)
  12. The British Nationality Act as a logic program (https://dl.acm.org/doi/abs/10.1145/5689.5920)





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