VSS untuk si kecil

Mengambil snapshot - di sinilah pencadangan dimulai. Sampai kami mengetahui cara mem-flush semua buffer ke disk dan membawa file data ke status yang konsisten, kami tidak membuat cadangan, tetapi menyalin file dengan konten yang tidak terduga di dalamnya. Memahami pentingnya snapshot, semua vendor mencoba memberi kita, jika bukan fungsi yang sepenuhnya selesai (seperti Time Mashine di MacOS), maka setidaknya satu set tombol yang dapat ditarik (seperti modul dm-snap di kernel Linux ). 





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Berikut adalah contoh yang bagus: kami membuat snapshot di diskshadow dan mencoba menghapusnya menggunakan vssadmin.  Kita dapat melihat gambar itu sendiri, tetapi itu tidak dalam konteks kita, oleh karena itu, berserakan, kita tidak memiliki kekuatan di sini.
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PS C:\Windows\system32> diskshadow
Microsoft DiskShadow version 1.0
Copyright (C) 2013 Microsoft Corporation
On computer:  VEEAM,  17.05.2021 19:18:44

DISKSHADOW> add volume c: #     

DISKSHADOW> create	#  
Alias VSS_SHADOW_1 for shadow ID {a1eef71e-247e-4580-99bc-ee62c42221d6} set as environment variable.
Alias VSS_SHADOW_SET for shadow set ID {cc9fab4d-3e7d-44a5-9a4d-0df11dd7219c} set as environment variable.

Querying all shadow copies with the shadow copy set ID {cc9fab4d-3e7d-44a5-9a4d-0df11dd7219c}

        * Shadow copy ID = {a1eef71e-247e-4580-99bc-ee62c42221d6}               %VSS_SHADOW_1%
                - Shadow copy set: {cc9fab4d-3e7d-44a5-9a4d-0df11dd7219c}       %VSS_SHADOW_SET%
                - Original count of shadow copies = 1
                - Original volume name: \\?\Volume{7fd0c79d-0000-0000-0000-602200000000}\ [C:\]
                - Creation time: 17.05.2021 19:19:45
                - Shadow copy device name: \\?\GLOBALROOT\Device\HarddiskVolumeShadowCopy2
                - Originating machine: veeam.university.veeam.local
                - Service machine: veeam.university.veeam.local
                - Not exposed
                - Provider ID: {b5946137-7b9f-4925-af80-51abd60b20d5}
                - Attributes:  Auto_Release Differential

Number of shadow copies listed: 1

      
      



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DISKSHADOW> expose {a1eef71e-247e-4580-99bc-ee62c42221d6} Z:
The shadow copy is a non-persistent shadow copy. Only persistent shadow copies can be exposed.

      
      



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DISKSHADOW> delete shadows all #    ID
Deleting shadow copy {a1eef71e-247e-4580-99bc-ee62c42221d6} on volume \\?\Volume{7fd0c79d-0000-0000-0000-602200000000}\ from provider {b5946137-7b9f-4925-af80-51abd60b20d5} [Attributes: 0x00420000]...

Number of shadow copies deleted: 1
      
      



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DISKSHADOW> add volume C:

DISKSHADOW> set context persistent #   

DISKSHADOW> create
Alias VSS_SHADOW_1 for shadow ID {346d896b-8722-4c01-bf01-0f38b9abe20a} set as environment variable.
Alias VSS_SHADOW_SET for shadow set ID {785983be-e09d-4d2a-b8b7-a4f722899896} set as environment variable.

Querying all shadow copies with the shadow copy set ID {785983be-e09d-4d2a-b8b7-a4f722899896}

        * Shadow copy ID = {346d896b-8722-4c01-bf01-0f38b9abe20a}               %VSS_SHADOW_1%
                - Shadow copy set: {785983be-e09d-4d2a-b8b7-a4f722899896}       %VSS_SHADOW_SET%
                - Original count of shadow copies = 1
                - Original volume name: \\?\Volume{7fd0c79d-0000-0000-0000-602200000000}\ [C:\]
                - Creation time: 17.05.2021 19:38:45
                - Shadow copy device name: \\?\GLOBALROOT\Device\HarddiskVolumeShadowCopy3
                - Originating machine: veeam.university.veeam.local
                - Service machine: veeam.university.veeam.local
                - Not exposed
                - Provider ID: {b5946137-7b9f-4925-af80-51abd60b20d5}
                - Attributes:  No_Auto_Release Persistent Differential

Number of shadow copies listed: 1
      
      



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