Clever Geek Handbook

C # konsol cuaca utilitas menggunakan .Net

Apa yang perlu Anda dapatkan dan pelajari untuk mulai mendapatkan prakiraan cuaca 5 hari? 





Pertama, tentukan penyedia data cuaca. Kedua, menganalisis dalam bentuk apa data yang disediakan dan bagaimana kita mengumpulkan dan menampilkannya dengan menggunakan bahasa pemrograman C #. 





Saya memilih layanan Accuweather sebagai penyedia data cuaca saya. Akun gratis saat ini memungkinkan 50 permintaan per hari. Ini cukup untuk dapat melihat data cuaca beberapa kali sehari (Anda bahkan dapat membagikannya dengan teman!). 





Untuk mendaftar, ikuti tautan: https://developer.accuweather.com . Setelah mendaftar, Anda perlu mengklik tombol "Tambahkan Aplikasi baru" dan mengisi formulir singkat. Akibatnya, Anda akan menerima ApiKey pribadi Anda yang nantinya dapat digunakan untuk menerima data yang diperbarui. 





Kemudian kesenangan dimulai. Kami akan menganalisis bagaimana dan dalam bentuk apa informasi itu datang dan apa yang diperlukan untuk menerima data cuaca untuk kota tertentu. 





Di bagian "Referensi API", daftar pertama disetel ke bagian " API Lokasi " dengannya dan mari kita mulai. Ke depan, saya akan langsung mengatakan bahwa Anda tidak bisa begitu saja mengambil dan mengirim nama kota dalam permintaan GET. Untuk melakukan ini, pertama-tama kita perlu mendapatkan Kunci Lokasi kota tertentu. Nilai ini disajikan dalam bentuk angka dan unik untuk setiap kota. 





Jadi, di bagian API Lokasi, kami tertarik dengan metode Pencarian Kota . Kami membaca deskripsi singkatnya: Mengembalikan informasi untuk larik kota yang cocok dengan teks pencarian. Segera catat bahwa array dengan nama kota dikembalikan kepada kami. 





Di halaman permintaan, masukkan ApiKey, nama kota yang diminati dan letakkan RU, jika kita ingin menerima data yang dilokalkan. 





Setelah mengklik tombol "Kirim permintaan ini" di bawah halaman, Anda akan menerima hasil eksekusi. Dalam kasus saya, ini terlihat seperti ini:





[
  {
    "Version": 1,
    "Key": "292332",
    "Type": "City",
    "Rank": 21,
    "LocalizedName": "Chelyabinsk",
    "EnglishName": "Chelyabinsk",
    "PrimaryPostalCode": "",
    "Region": {
      "ID": "ASI",
      "LocalizedName": "Asia",
      "EnglishName": "Asia"
    },
    "Country": {
      "ID": "RU",
      "LocalizedName": "Russia",
      "EnglishName": "Russia"
    },
    "AdministrativeArea": {
      "ID": "CHE",
      "LocalizedName": "Chelyabinsk",
      "EnglishName": "Chelyabinsk",
      "Level": 1,
      "LocalizedType": "Oblast",
      "EnglishType": "Oblast",
      "CountryID": "RU"
    },
    "TimeZone": {
      "Code": "YEKT",
      "Name": "Asia/Yekaterinburg",
      "GmtOffset": 5,
      "IsDaylightSaving": false,
      "NextOffsetChange": null
    },
    "GeoPosition": {
      "Latitude": 55.16,
      "Longitude": 61.403,
      "Elevation": {
        "Metric": {
          "Value": 233,
          "Unit": "m",
          "UnitType": 5
        },
        "Imperial": {
          "Value": 764,
          "Unit": "ft",
          "UnitType": 0
        }
      }
    },
    "IsAlias": false,
    "SupplementalAdminAreas": [
      {
        "Level": 2,
        "LocalizedName": "Chelyabinsk",
        "EnglishName": "Chelyabinsk"
      }
    ],
    "DataSets": [
      "AirQualityCurrentConditions",
      "AirQualityForecasts",
      "Alerts",
      "ForecastConfidence"
    ]
  }
]

Seperti yang Anda lihat, kami telah mengembalikan array dari satu kota. Seperti apa hasilnya jika ada dua kota atau lebih dengan nama yang sama:





[
  {
    "Version": 1,
    "Key": "294021",
    "Type": "City",
    "Rank": 10,
    "LocalizedName": "",
    "EnglishName": "Moscow",
    "PrimaryPostalCode": "",
    "Region": {
      "ID": "ASI",
      "LocalizedName": "",
      "EnglishName": "Asia"
    },
    "Country": {
      "ID": "RU",
      "LocalizedName": "",
      "EnglishName": "Russia"
    },
    "AdministrativeArea": {
      "ID": "MOW",
      "LocalizedName": "",
      "EnglishName": "Moscow",
      "Level": 1,
      "LocalizedType": "  ",
      "EnglishType": "Federal City",
      "CountryID": "RU"
    },
    "TimeZone": {
      "Code": "MSK",
      "Name": "Europe/Moscow",
      "GmtOffset": 3,
      "IsDaylightSaving": false,
      "NextOffsetChange": null
    },
    "GeoPosition": {
      "Latitude": 55.752,
      "Longitude": 37.619,
      "Elevation": {
        "Metric": {
          "Value": 155,
          "Unit": "m",
          "UnitType": 5
        },
        "Imperial": {
          "Value": 508,
          "Unit": "ft",
          "UnitType": 0
        }
      }
    },
    "IsAlias": false,
    "SupplementalAdminAreas": [
      {
        "Level": 2,
        "LocalizedName": "Tsentralny",
        "EnglishName": "Tsentralny"
      }
    ],
    "DataSets": [
      "AirQualityCurrentConditions",
      "AirQualityForecasts",
      "Alerts",
      "ForecastConfidence"
    ]
  },
  {
    "Version": 1,
    "Key": "1397263",
    "Type": "City",
    "Rank": 85,
    "LocalizedName": "",
    "EnglishName": "Moskwa",
    "PrimaryPostalCode": "",
    "Region": {
      "ID": "EUR",
      "LocalizedName": "",
      "EnglishName": "Europe"
    },
    "Country": {
      "ID": "PL",
      "LocalizedName": "",
      "EnglishName": "Poland"
    },
    "AdministrativeArea": {
      "ID": "10",
      "LocalizedName": " ",
      "EnglishName": "Łódź",
      "Level": 1,
      "LocalizedType": "",
      "EnglishType": "Voivodship",
      "CountryID": "PL"
    },
    "TimeZone": {
      "Code": "CET",
      "Name": "Europe/Warsaw",
      "GmtOffset": 1,
      "IsDaylightSaving": false,
      "NextOffsetChange": "2021-03-28T01:00:00Z"
    },
    "GeoPosition": {
      "Latitude": 51.816,
      "Longitude": 19.657,
      "Elevation": {
        "Metric": {
          "Value": 238,
          "Unit": "m",
          "UnitType": 5
        },
        "Imperial": {
          "Value": 780,
          "Unit": "ft",
          "UnitType": 0
        }
      }
    },
    "IsAlias": false,
    "SupplementalAdminAreas": [
      {
        "Level": 2,
        "LocalizedName": "- ",
        "EnglishName": "Łódź East"
      },
      {
        "Level": 3,
        "LocalizedName": "",
        "EnglishName": "Nowosolna"
      }
    ],
    "DataSets": [
      "AirQualityCurrentConditions",
      "AirQualityForecasts",
      "Alerts",
      "ForecastConfidence",
      "FutureRadar",
      "MinuteCast",
      "Radar"
    ]
  },
  {
    "Version": 1,
    "Key": "580845",
    "Type": "City",
    "Rank": 85,
    "LocalizedName": "",
    "EnglishName": "Moskva",
    "PrimaryPostalCode": "",
    "Region": {
      "ID": "ASI",
      "LocalizedName": "",
      "EnglishName": "Asia"
    },
    "Country": {
      "ID": "RU",
      "LocalizedName": "",
      "EnglishName": "Russia"
    },
    "AdministrativeArea": {
      "ID": "KIR",
      "LocalizedName": "",
      "EnglishName": "Kirov",
      "Level": 1,
      "LocalizedType": "",
      "EnglishType": "Republic",
      "CountryID": "RU"
    },
    "TimeZone": {
      "Code": "MSK",
      "Name": "Europe/Moscow",
      "GmtOffset": 3,
      "IsDaylightSaving": false,
      "NextOffsetChange": null
    },
    "GeoPosition": {
      "Latitude": 57.968,
      "Longitude": 49.104,
      "Elevation": {
        "Metric": {
          "Value": 207,
          "Unit": "m",
          "UnitType": 5
        },
        "Imperial": {
          "Value": 678,
          "Unit": "ft",
          "UnitType": 0
        }
      }
    },
    "IsAlias": false,
    "SupplementalAdminAreas": [
      {
        "Level": 2,
        "LocalizedName": "Verkhoshizhemsky",
        "EnglishName": "Verkhoshizhemsky"
      }
    ],
    "DataSets": [
      "AirQualityCurrentConditions",
      "AirQualityForecasts",
      "Alerts",
      "ForecastConfidence"
    ]
  },
  {
    "Version": 1,
    "Key": "2488304",
    "Type": "City",
    "Rank": 85,
    "LocalizedName": "",
    "EnglishName": "Moskva",
    "PrimaryPostalCode": "",
    "Region": {
      "ID": "ASI",
      "LocalizedName": "",
      "EnglishName": "Asia"
    },
    "Country": {
      "ID": "RU",
      "LocalizedName": "",
      "EnglishName": "Russia"
    },
    "AdministrativeArea": {
      "ID": "PSK",
      "LocalizedName": "",
      "EnglishName": "Pskov",
      "Level": 1,
      "LocalizedType": "",
      "EnglishType": "Oblast",
      "CountryID": "RU"
    },
    "TimeZone": {
      "Code": "MSK",
      "Name": "Europe/Moscow",
      "GmtOffset": 3,
      "IsDaylightSaving": false,
      "NextOffsetChange": null
    },
    "GeoPosition": {
      "Latitude": 57.449,
      "Longitude": 29.185,
      "Elevation": {
        "Metric": {
          "Value": 161,
          "Unit": "m",
          "UnitType": 5
        },
        "Imperial": {
          "Value": 528,
          "Unit": "ft",
          "UnitType": 0
        }
      }
    },
    "IsAlias": false,
    "SupplementalAdminAreas": [
      {
        "Level": 2,
        "LocalizedName": "Porkhovsky",
        "EnglishName": "Porkhovsky"
      }
    ],
    "DataSets": [
      "AirQualityCurrentConditions",
      "AirQualityForecasts",
      "Alerts",
      "Radar"
    ]
  },
  {
    "Version": 1,
    "Key": "580847",
    "Type": "City",
    "Rank": 85,
    "LocalizedName": "",
    "EnglishName": "Moskva",
    "PrimaryPostalCode": "",
    "Region": {
      "ID": "ASI",
      "LocalizedName": "",
      "EnglishName": "Asia"
    },
    "Country": {
      "ID": "RU",
      "LocalizedName": "",
      "EnglishName": "Russia"
    },
    "AdministrativeArea": {
      "ID": "TVE",
      "LocalizedName": "",
      "EnglishName": "Tver'",
      "Level": 1,
      "LocalizedType": "",
      "EnglishType": "Oblast",
      "CountryID": "RU"
    },
    "TimeZone": {
      "Code": "MSK",
      "Name": "Europe/Moscow",
      "GmtOffset": 3,
      "IsDaylightSaving": false,
      "NextOffsetChange": null
    },
    "GeoPosition": {
      "Latitude": 56.918,
      "Longitude": 32.163,
      "Elevation": {
        "Metric": {
          "Value": 251,
          "Unit": "m",
          "UnitType": 5
        },
        "Imperial": {
          "Value": 823,
          "Unit": "ft",
          "UnitType": 0
        }
      }
    },
    "IsAlias": false,
    "SupplementalAdminAreas": [
      {
        "Level": 2,
        "LocalizedName": "Penovsky",
        "EnglishName": "Penovsky"
      }
    ],
    "DataSets": [
      "AirQualityCurrentConditions",
      "AirQualityForecasts",
      "Alerts"
    ]
  }
]

, . , Key, . .





, , . , C#. , C# VSCodium. OpenSuSe Leap 15.2.





, ApiKey, , ApiKey , ApiKey .





, UserApi:





namespace habraweatherappconsole
{
    public class UserApi
    {
        public string UserApiProperty { get;set; }
    }
}

, , :





        /// <summary>
        ///      APIKey  
        /// </summary>
        public static void ReadUserApiToLocalStorage()
        {
            XmlSerializer xmlSerializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(ObservableCollection<UserApi>));

            try
            {
                using (StreamReader sr = new StreamReader("UserApi.xml"))
                {
                    userApiList = xmlSerializer.Deserialize(sr) as ObservableCollection<UserApi>;
                }
            }

            catch(Exception ex)
            {
                /*      .  ,     
                /     .       - -    
                /          ?
                */
            }
        }

, XML , , , XML.





. , , . , Json . , .





, :





    "Version": 1,
    "Key": "292332",
    "Type": "City",
    "Rank": 21,
    "LocalizedName": "Chelyabinsk",
    "EnglishName": "Chelyabinsk",
    "PrimaryPostalCode": "",

API , , , ( , ) , . , , - .





, :





    public class RootBasicCityInfo    {
        public int Version { get; set; } 
        public string Key { get; set; } 
        public string Type { get; set; } 
        public int Rank { get; set; } 
        public string LocalizedName { get; set; } 
        public string EnglishName { get; set; } 
        public string PrimaryPostalCode { get; set; }

, json :





      "Region": {
        "ID": "ASI",
        "LocalizedName": "",
        "EnglishName": "Asia"
      },
      "Country": {
        "ID": "RU",
        "LocalizedName": "",
        "EnglishName": "Russia"
      },
      "AdministrativeArea": {
        "ID": "MOW",
        "LocalizedName": "",
        "EnglishName": "Moscow",
        "Level": 1,
        "LocalizedType": "  ",
        "EnglishType": "Federal City",
        "CountryID": "RU"
      },

, Region, Country, AdministrativeArea :





public class Region    {
        public string ID { get; set; } 
        public string LocalizedName { get; set; } 
        public string EnglishName { get; set; } 
    }

    public class Country    {
        public string ID { get; set; } 
        public string LocalizedName { get; set; } 
        public string EnglishName { get; set; } 
    }

    public class AdministrativeArea    {
        public string ID { get; set; } 
        public string LocalizedName { get; set; } 
        public string EnglishName { get; set; } 
        public int Level { get; set; } 
        public string LocalizedType { get; set; } 
        public string EnglishType { get; set; } 
        public string CountryID { get; set; } 
    }

:





    public class RootBasicCityInfo    {
        public int Version { get; set; } 
        public string Key { get; set; } 
        public string Type { get; set; } 
        public int Rank { get; set; } 
        public string LocalizedName { get; set; } 
        public string EnglishName { get; set; } 
        public string PrimaryPostalCode { get; set; } 
        public Region Region { get; set; } 
        public Country Country { get; set; } 
        public AdministrativeArea AdministrativeArea { get; set; } 
        public TimeZone TimeZone { get; set; } 
        public GeoPosition GeoPosition { get; set; } 
        public bool IsAlias { get; set; } 
        public List<SupplementalAdminArea> SupplementalAdminAreas { get; set; } 
        public List<string> DataSets { get; set; } 
    }

, , :





using System;
using System.Collections.ObjectModel;
using System.Net;
using System.Text.Json;

using static System.Console;

namespace habraweatherappconsole
{
    /// <summary>
    ///     
    ///       .
    /// </summary>
    public static class SearchCity
    {
        /// <summary>
        ///      .
        ///       
        ///       MainMenu.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="formalCityName"></param>
        public static void GettingListOfCitiesOnRequest(string formalCityName)
        {
            //  ApiKey  
            string apiKey = UserApiManager.userApiList[0].UserApiProperty;
            try
            {
                string jsonOnWeb = $"http://dataservice.accuweather.com/locations/v1/cities/search?apikey={apiKey}&q={formalCityName}";

                WebClient webClient = new WebClient();
                string prepareString = webClient.DownloadString(jsonOnWeb);

                ObservableCollection<RootBasicCityInfo> rbci = JsonSerializer.Deserialize<ObservableCollection<RootBasicCityInfo>>(prepareString);

                DataRepo.Printeceivedities(rbci);
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                WriteLine("   ."
                + " : \n" + 
                "*    \n"
                + "*    \n"
                + " : \n"
                + ex.Message);
            }

        }
    }
}

, :





        /// <summary>
        ///       
        /// (     ,  1).
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="formalListOfCityes"></param>
        public static void Printeceivedities (ObservableCollection<RootBasicCityInfo> formalListOfCityes)
        {
            string pattern = "=====\n" + "  : {0}\n" + "  : {1}\n"
            + " :  {2} \n" + ": {3}\n" + " : {4}\n"
            + ": {5}\n" + "====\n";
            int numberInList = 0;

            foreach (var item in formalListOfCityes)
            {
                WriteLine(pattern, numberInList.ToString(),
                item.EnglishName, item.LocalizedName, item.Country.LocalizedName,
                item.AdministrativeArea.LocalizedName, item.AdministrativeArea.LocalizedType);
                numberInList++;
            }

            Write ("     : ");
            int num = Convert.ToInt32(Console.ReadLine());

            try
            {
                listOfCityForMonitorWeather.Add(formalListOfCityes[num]);
            }

            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                WriteLine(",   .\n");
                WriteLine(ex.Message);
            }
            WriteListOfCityMonitoring();
        }

, ( APIKey)





         /// <summary>
        ///       
        ///   .
        /// </summary>
        private static void WriteListOfCityMonitoring()
        {
            XmlSerializer xmlSerializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(ObservableCollection<RootBasicCityInfo>));

            using (StreamWriter sw = new StreamWriter("RootBasicCityInfo.xml"))
            {
                xmlSerializer.Serialize(sw, listOfCityForMonitorWeather);
            }
        }

. , - 5 .





Json , , , .





Accuweather 1 , 5, 10 15 . json . Get .





, json :





  "Headline": {
    "EffectiveDate": "2021-02-23T07:00:00+03:00",
    "EffectiveEpochDate": 1614052800,
    "Severity": 3,
    "Text": "  : ",
    "Category": "cold",
    "EndDate": "2021-02-24T19:00:00+03:00",
    "EndEpochDate": 1614182400,
    "MobileLink": "http://m.accuweather.com/ru/ru/moscow/294021/extended-weather-forecast/294021?unit=c",
    "Link": "http://www.accuweather.com/ru/ru/moscow/294021/daily-weather-forecast/294021?unit=c"
  },
  "DailyForecasts": [
    {
      "Date": "2021-02-23T07:00:00+03:00",
      "EpochDate": 1614052800,
      "Temperature": {
        "Minimum": {
          "Value": -24.4,
          "Unit": "C",
          "UnitType": 17
        },
        "Maximum": {
          "Value": -20.6,
          "Unit": "C",
          "UnitType": 17
        }
      },
      "Day": {
        "Icon": 31,
        "IconPhrase": "",
        "HasPrecipitation": false
      },
      "Night": {
        "Icon": 31,
        "IconPhrase": "",
        "HasPrecipitation": false
      },
      "Sources": [
        "AccuWeather"
      ],
      "MobileLink": "http://m.accuweather.com/ru/ru/moscow/294021/daily-weather-forecast/294021?day=1&unit=c",
      "Link": "http://www.accuweather.com/ru/ru/moscow/294021/daily-weather-forecast/294021?day=1&unit=c"
    },

, :





    public class DailyForecast    {
        public DateTime Date { get; set; } 
        public int EpochDate { get; set; } 
        public Temperature Temperature { get; set; } 
        public Day Day { get; set; } 
        public Night Night { get; set; } 
        public List<string> Sources { get; set; } 
        public string MobileLink { get; set; } 
        public string Link { get; set; } 
    }
    

     public class RootWeather    {
        public Headline Headline { get; set; } 
        public List<DailyForecast> DailyForecasts { get; set; } 
    }

, ( ) . , , , :





            string pattern = "=====\n" + "  : {0}\n" + "  : {1}\n"
            + " :  {2} \n" + ": {3}\n" + " : {4}\n"
            + ": {5}\n" + "====\n";
            int numberInList = 0;

            foreach (var item in DataRepo.listOfCityForMonitorWeather)
            {
                WriteLine(pattern, numberInList.ToString(),
                item.EnglishName, item.LocalizedName, item.Country.LocalizedName,
                item.AdministrativeArea.LocalizedName, item.AdministrativeArea.LocalizedType);
                numberInList++;
            }
            
            bool ifNotExists = false;
            string cityKey = null;
            int num = 0;
            do
            {
                ifNotExists = false;
                Write("    : ");
                num = Convert.ToInt32(Console.ReadLine());
                
                if (num < 0 || num > DataRepo.listOfCityForMonitorWeather.Count - 1)
                {
                    WriteLine("  .   .");
                    ifNotExists = true;
                }
            } while(ifNotExists);
            
            cityKey = DataRepo.listOfCityForMonitorWeather[num].Key;

:





 //  ApiKey  
            string apiKey = UserApiManager.userApiList[0].UserApiProperty;
            
            string jsonUrl = $"http://dataservice.accuweather.com/forecasts/v1/daily/5day/{cityKey}?apikey={apiKey}&language=ru&metric=true";

            jsonUrl = webClient.DownloadString(jsonUrl);

            RootWeather weatherData = JsonSerializer.Deserialize<RootWeather>(jsonUrl);

            string patternWeather = "=====\n" + ": {0}\n" + " : {1}\n"
            +" : {2}\n" + "  : {3}\n" + "  : {4}\n" + "====\n";

            foreach (var item in weatherData.DailyForecasts)
            {
                WriteLine(patternWeather, item.Date, item.Temperature.Minimum.Value,
                item.Temperature.Maximum.Value, item.Day.IconPhrase, item.Night.IconPhrase);
            }

5 .





Sebagai kesimpulan: dalam artikel ini saya telah menunjukkan poin-poin utama yang diperlukan agar data cuaca dapat ditampilkan. Kode sumber lengkap dari utilitas ini dapat ditemukan di GitLab dan GitHub. Juga, saya akan dengan senang hati menerima kritik atas kasus ini dan saran dari programmer senior.





Terima kasih atas waktu Anda, semoga berhasil!







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